Transgender Health

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Male to Female (MTF) Changes

Males transitioning to females (MTF) experience the following effects of estrogen:

• Breast development (full development takes several years)
• Loss of ejaculation
• Loss of erection
• Shrinkage of testicles
• Sterility

Temporary changes, which are reversible after HT is stopped, include the following:

• Decrease in acne
• Decrease in facial and body hair
• Decrease in muscle mass and strength
• Skin becomes softer and smoother
• Slowing of balding pattern
• Redistribution of fat from abdominal area to hips and buttocks

Risks associated with HT include the following:

• Benign pituitary tumors
• Gallbladder disease
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Hypothyroidism
• Liver disease
• Migraine headache
• Tendency for blood to clot, causing related conditions:
  • Aneurysm
  • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
  • Pulmonary embolism (can be fatal)
• Weight gain
• Worsening of depression (if present); increased sensitivity to stress

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